{"id":16987,"date":"2025-07-02T10:53:28","date_gmt":"2025-07-02T08:53:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=16987"},"modified":"2026-03-18T09:43:24","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T08:43:24","slug":"rulership","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/en\/rulership\/","title":{"rendered":"Rulership"},"content":{"rendered":"<jgu-base-pageheader react-props=\"{\n    &quot;items&quot;: [\n        {\n            &quot;box&quot;: {\n                &quot;index&quot;: &quot;Thematic Area 4&quot;,\n                &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Rulership&quot;,\n                &quot;link&quot;: {\n                    &quot;url&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n                    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;learn more&quot;\n                }\n            },\n            &quot;color&quot;: &quot;blue&quot;,\n            &quot;image&quot;: {\n                &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/767\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/Challenges_TA4_Imagebild.png&quot;,\n                &quot;id&quot;: 10371,\n                &quot;credit&quot;: &quot;KI-generiert mit ChatGPT (DALL\\u00b7E), nach Vorgaben von Alexandra Hilgner, 2025.&quot;,\n                &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Challenges_TA4_Imagebild&quot;,\n                &quot;width&quot;: 1536,\n                &quot;height&quot;: 1024,\n                &quot;srcset&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/767\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/Challenges_TA4_Imagebild.png 1536w, https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/767\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/Challenges_TA4_Imagebild-300x200.png 300w, https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/767\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/Challenges_TA4_Imagebild-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/767\\\/2025\\\/06\\\/Challenges_TA4_Imagebild-768x512.png 768w&quot;\n            },\n            &quot;imgCredit&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n            &quot;useVideo&quot;: false,\n            &quot;video&quot;: false\n        }\n    ],\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;home&quot;,\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;full&quot;,\n    &quot;quicklinks&quot;: {\n        &quot;show&quot;: false,\n        &quot;selects&quot;: []\n    },\n    &quot;useBreadcrumb&quot;: false\n}\">\n<\/jgu-base-pageheader><jgu-base-anchornavigation react-props=\"{\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;theme&quot;: &quot;white&quot;\n}\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-anchornavigation><div\n\tclass=\"jgu-anchorpoint\"\n\tid=\"rulership\"\n\tdata-label=\"Rulership\"\n\tdata-hide-in-nav=\"false\"\n\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\tdata-initial-scroll=\"true\"\n><\/div>\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">The topic of \u2018rulership\u2019 is closely related to the central questions of our TLRA. On the one hand, the act of ruling faces the constant challenge of legitimizing itself and of developing as well as communicating programmatic content for this purpose. On the other hand, it is confronted with the practical-strategic task of attaining, securing and exercising its power against diverse challenges. Certain forms of rule have proven to be very resilient over a long time. At the same time, however, the establishment and safeguarding of rule by setting up a ruling apparatus or introducing bureaucratic standards or legal instruments of a regime can also be a reaction to various threats, such as that of a contested or rule-free space, i.e., it can function as a coping strategy.<br \/>The projects take both challenges faced by an individual and by communities and the specific relationship between individual and collective threats into account. The reaction to a perceived threat can lead to contingent or intentional changes of events, and non-linear dynamics.   <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">The projects in <em>TA 4<\/em> are oriented towards material and literary studies and examine the topic at turning points that were critical for the exercise and maintenance of rulership. Specifically, they focus on the oriental-occidental cultural area in the time span from prehistory and early history to the European Middle Ages. This diachronic and cross-cultural compilation of areas seems suitable for uncovering patterns of perception, conceptualization and coping strategies as well as for describing and analyzing them in a transdisciplinary discourse.<br \/>In the first funding phase conferences, publication projects and third-party funding applications were successfully realized (e.g., DFG network group \u201cKraftprobe Herrschaft. (Re-)Konstruktionen von vormodernen Herrscherfiguren zwischen Herausforderung und Behauptung\u201d) or are in progress (e.g., DFG Zingg: \u201cLiber historiae Francorum\u201d). The next step is to further expand existing funding (e.g., an application for a DFG research group \u201cDie Figur des vormodernen Herrschers zwischen Herausforderung und Behauptung\u201d) as well as to deepen the transdisciplinary exchange with locally based research projects (e.g., RTG 2304 \u201cByzantium and the Euro-Mediterranean Martial Cultures\u201d, Grieser\/Pahlitzsch) and to bring together the results of the joint work in a suitable form.   <\/p>\n<jgu-base-button style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\">\n  \n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Spokesperson: Sebastian Gr\\u00e4tz&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9907&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n 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class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><jgu-base-teaserbox react-props=\"{\n    &quot;headline&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;h5&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2.h5&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Permanently questioned rule and its representation in the Liber historiae Francorum&quot;,\n    &quot;excerpt&quot;: &quot;Dr. Roland Zingg&quot;,\n    &quot;linkTitle&quot;: &quot;learn more&quot;,\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;iconColor&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;isCalendar&quot;: false,\n    &quot;iconBoxed&quot;: false,\n    &quot;useLinkList&quot;: false,\n    &quot;linkList&quot;: {},\n    &quot;hideThumbnail&quot;: false,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;boxed&quot;,\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;light&quot;,\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;linkStyle&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    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&amp;quot;color&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;tags&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;htmlTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;classTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;tag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;heading&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;The (re-)construction of pre-modern ruler figures between challenge and assertation&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;textAlign&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;anchor&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-heading&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;In der Person eines politischen Oberhauptes kumulieren Bew\\u00e4ltigungskonzepte verschiedener Herausforderungen, die situativ unterschiedlich wahrgenommen werden. Schriftliche und bildliche Quellen (zeitgen\\u00f6ssisch, historisch, rezent wissenschaftlich) erm\\u00f6glichen es, die Figur eines Herrschers zu (re-)konstruieren, die je nach Bedarf unterschiedliche Zuschreibungen erf\\u00e4hrt bzw. Rollen ausf\\u00fcllt. So amalgieren z. B. durch Projektionen und Erwartungen einerseits typische, andererseits individuelle Z\\u00fcge zu einer konstruierten oder abstrahierten Figur. Diese kann ambivalent konnotiert sein und als medial vermitteltes Herrscherbild selbst zur Herausforderung werden.   &lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;In dem Projekt wird es zun\\u00e4chst darum gehen, im interdisziplin\\u00e4ren Vergleich mehrere Typen von Herrscherfiguren zu beschreiben sowie in transkultureller Perspektive nach m\\u00f6glichen epochen- bzw. kulturspezifischen Varianten zu fragen. In einem zweiten Schritt ist auf Bedingungen und Kontexte der Konstruktion bestimmter Herrscherfiguren zu reflektieren. Hierbei ist zu fragen, welche Figuren eingesetzt werden, um (a) das Entstehen\\\/Bestehen einer Herausforderung retrospektiv zu erkl\\u00e4ren; (b) jeweils situationsbezogen oder auch situations\\u00fcbergreifend eine prospektive Handlungsempfehlung zu generieren. Auf diese Weise soll kultur- und epochen\\u00fcbergreifend das Potential genauer bestimmt werden, welches die Konstruktion von bestimmten Herrscher-Bildern jeweils im Rahmen von Wahrnehmung, Konzeptualisierung und Bew\\u00e4ltigung von Herausforderungen bot.     &lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;Konkret sollen in diesem Zusammenhang die Figuren&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;ul class=\\&quot;wp-block-list\\&quot;&gt;\\n&lt;li&gt;des alten Herrschers&lt;\\\/li&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;li&gt;des kranken, verletzten und sterbenden Herrschers&lt;\\\/li&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;li&gt;des fremden Herrschers&lt;\\\/li&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;li&gt;des gut bzw. schlecht beratenen Herrschers&lt;\\\/li&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;li&gt;des langj\\u00e4hrigen Herrschers&lt;\\\/li&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;li&gt;des reformierenden Herrschers&lt;\\\/li&gt;\\n&lt;\\\/ul&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;analysiert werden. Die hier definierten \\u201aTypen\\u2018 beziehen sich auf die physische Verfassung des Herrschers (1, 2) und erforschen die Argumentationsstruktur der Herrscherdarstellung sowie die gesellschaftliche Reaktion. Ethnische oder religi\\u00f6se Hintergr\\u00fcnde eines Herrschers (3, 4) generieren Diskurse, die als Bew\\u00e4ltigungsstrategien zu beschreiben sind. Schlie\\u00dflich k\\u00f6nnen intensive Kontinuit\\u00e4t (5) und Diskontinuit\\u00e4t (6) von Herrschaft, die mit einem einzelnen Herrscher in Verbindung stehen, besondere gesellschaftliche Reaktionen hervorrufen. Die auf diese Weise entstehenden Querschnittsbereiche beinhalten einerseits Herausforderungen wie k\\u00f6rperliche Konstitution oder soziale Gegebenheiten, andererseits aber auch L\\u00f6sungsstrategien wie den Rekurs auf Berater oder Kontakte nach au\\u00dfen.     &lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project team members&lt;\\\/strong&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-button style=\\&quot;display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\\&quot;&gt;\\n  \\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Heide Frielinghaus&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: 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&amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=9907&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Heike Grieser&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=9936&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Ludger K\\\\u00f6rntgen&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10008&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Johannes Pahlitzsch&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10020&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Doris Prechel&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10029&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Dominic B\\\\u00e4rsch&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10232&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;\\\/jgu-base-button&gt;\\n&quot;}\">\n    \n<jgu-base-heading react-props=\"{\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;Rulership&quot;,\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;tags&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;heading&quot;: &quot;The (re-)construction of pre-modern ruler figures between challenge and assertation&quot;,\n    &quot;textAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;anchor&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-heading>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">In der Person eines politischen Oberhauptes kumulieren Bew\u00e4ltigungskonzepte verschiedener Herausforderungen, die situativ unterschiedlich wahrgenommen werden. Schriftliche und bildliche Quellen (zeitgen\u00f6ssisch, historisch, rezent wissenschaftlich) erm\u00f6glichen es, die Figur eines Herrschers zu (re-)konstruieren, die je nach Bedarf unterschiedliche Zuschreibungen erf\u00e4hrt bzw. Rollen ausf\u00fcllt. So amalgieren z. B. durch Projektionen und Erwartungen einerseits typische, andererseits individuelle Z\u00fcge zu einer konstruierten oder abstrahierten Figur. Diese kann ambivalent konnotiert sein und als medial vermitteltes Herrscherbild selbst zur Herausforderung werden.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">In dem Projekt wird es zun\u00e4chst darum gehen, im interdisziplin\u00e4ren Vergleich mehrere Typen von Herrscherfiguren zu beschreiben sowie in transkultureller Perspektive nach m\u00f6glichen epochen- bzw. kulturspezifischen Varianten zu fragen. In einem zweiten Schritt ist auf Bedingungen und Kontexte der Konstruktion bestimmter Herrscherfiguren zu reflektieren. Hierbei ist zu fragen, welche Figuren eingesetzt werden, um (a) das Entstehen\/Bestehen einer Herausforderung retrospektiv zu erkl\u00e4ren; (b) jeweils situationsbezogen oder auch situations\u00fcbergreifend eine prospektive Handlungsempfehlung zu generieren. Auf diese Weise soll kultur- und epochen\u00fcbergreifend das Potential genauer bestimmt werden, welches die Konstruktion von bestimmten Herrscher-Bildern jeweils im Rahmen von Wahrnehmung, Konzeptualisierung und Bew\u00e4ltigung von Herausforderungen bot.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Konkret sollen in diesem Zusammenhang die Figuren<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>des alten Herrschers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>des kranken, verletzten und sterbenden Herrschers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>des fremden Herrschers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>des gut bzw. schlecht beratenen Herrschers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>des langj\u00e4hrigen Herrschers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>des reformierenden Herrschers<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">analysiert werden. Die hier definierten \u201aTypen\u2018 beziehen sich auf die physische Verfassung des Herrschers (1, 2) und erforschen die Argumentationsstruktur der Herrscherdarstellung sowie die gesellschaftliche Reaktion. Ethnische oder religi\u00f6se Hintergr\u00fcnde eines Herrschers (3, 4) generieren Diskurse, die als Bew\u00e4ltigungsstrategien zu beschreiben sind. Schlie\u00dflich k\u00f6nnen intensive Kontinuit\u00e4t (5) und Diskontinuit\u00e4t (6) von Herrschaft, die mit einem einzelnen Herrscher in Verbindung stehen, besondere gesellschaftliche Reaktionen hervorrufen. Die auf diese Weise entstehenden Querschnittsbereiche beinhalten einerseits Herausforderungen wie k\u00f6rperliche Konstitution oder soziale Gegebenheiten, andererseits aber auch L\u00f6sungsstrategien wie den Rekurs auf Berater oder Kontakte nach au\u00dfen.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<jgu-base-button style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\">\n  \n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Heide Frielinghaus&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9787&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Sebastian Gr\\u00e4tz&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9907&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Heike Grieser&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9936&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ludger K\\u00f6rntgen&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10008&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Johannes Pahlitzsch&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10020&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Doris Prechel&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10029&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Dominic B\\u00e4rsch&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10232&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-button>\n\n<\/jgu-base-modal><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><jgu-base-modal react-props=\"{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;About the project&quot;,&quot;buttonStyling&quot;:&quot;primary&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:&quot;\\n&lt;jgu-base-heading react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;index&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Rulership&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;color&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;tags&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;htmlTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;classTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;tag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;heading&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Women around rulers&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;textAlign&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;anchor&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-heading&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;Betrachtet werden sowohl Frauen, die quasi als Ko-Regentinnen bzw. Herrscherinnen an der Seite des Herrschers erscheinen, als auch Frauen im n\\u00e4heren Umfeld eines m\\u00e4nnlichen Herrschers (Ehefrauen, M\\u00fctter, Schwestern, Konkubinen etc.). Zu fragen ist, in welchen Konstellationen Frauen in Machtzentren besonders pr\\u00e4sent sind und welche Funktion diese weiblichen Figuren f\\u00fcr die Konzeptualisierung von Herrschaft sowie die Kategorisierung des jeweiligen Herrschers erf\\u00fcllen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Frage, welche Rolle Frauen bei der Bew\\u00e4ltigung der Herausforderungen spielen, mit denen der Herrscher jeweils konfrontiert ist (aktiv, Eigendarstellung, Fremddarstellung). Im weiteren Fokus steht dar\\u00fcber hinaus die (variierende oder gleichbleibende) Beurteilung dieses weiblichen Engagements von den zeitgen\\u00f6ssischen Quellen bis hin zur modernen Forschungsliteratur.   &lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project team members&lt;\\\/strong&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-button style=\\&quot;display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\\&quot;&gt;\\n  \\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Heide Frielinghaus&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=9787&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Sebastian Gr\\\\u00e4tz&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=9907&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Heike Grieser&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=9936&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Ludger K\\\\u00f6rntgen&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10008&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Johannes Pahlitzsch&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10020&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Doris Prechel&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10029&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;\\\/jgu-base-button&gt;\\n&quot;}\">\n    \n<jgu-base-heading react-props=\"{\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;Rulership&quot;,\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;tags&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;heading&quot;: &quot;Women around rulers&quot;,\n    &quot;textAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;anchor&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-heading>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Betrachtet werden sowohl Frauen, die quasi als Ko-Regentinnen bzw. Herrscherinnen an der Seite des Herrschers erscheinen, als auch Frauen im n\u00e4heren Umfeld eines m\u00e4nnlichen Herrschers (Ehefrauen, M\u00fctter, Schwestern, Konkubinen etc.). Zu fragen ist, in welchen Konstellationen Frauen in Machtzentren besonders pr\u00e4sent sind und welche Funktion diese weiblichen Figuren f\u00fcr die Konzeptualisierung von Herrschaft sowie die Kategorisierung des jeweiligen Herrschers erf\u00fcllen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Frage, welche Rolle Frauen bei der Bew\u00e4ltigung der Herausforderungen spielen, mit denen der Herrscher jeweils konfrontiert ist (aktiv, Eigendarstellung, Fremddarstellung). Im weiteren Fokus steht dar\u00fcber hinaus die (variierende oder gleichbleibende) Beurteilung dieses weiblichen Engagements von den zeitgen\u00f6ssischen Quellen bis hin zur modernen Forschungsliteratur.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<jgu-base-button style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\">\n  \n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Heide Frielinghaus&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9787&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Sebastian Gr\\u00e4tz&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9907&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Heike Grieser&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9936&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Ludger K\\u00f6rntgen&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10008&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Johannes Pahlitzsch&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10020&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Doris Prechel&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10029&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-button>\n\n<\/jgu-base-modal><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><jgu-base-modal react-props=\"{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;About the project&quot;,&quot;buttonStyling&quot;:&quot;primary&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:&quot;\\n&lt;jgu-base-heading react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;index&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Rulership&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;color&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;tags&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;htmlTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;classTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;tag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;heading&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Rulers and ruled in war&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;textAlign&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;anchor&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-heading&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;Kriege, ob symmetrische oder asymmetrische, stellen nicht nur f\\u00fcr vormoderne Herrscher, sondern auch f\\u00fcr die Gemeinschaften eine in vielfacher Hinsicht existenzielle Herausforderung dar. Abh\\u00e4ngig von deren mitunter auch widerstreitenden Interessen werden verschiedene Bew\\u00e4ltigungsstrategien entwickelt, die von der theoretischen, mitunter religi\\u00f6sen Legitimation des Krieges \\u2013 bzw. Krieg als Bestandteil einer Legitimationsstrategie \\u2013 \\u00fcber die Herstellung von Waffen und Entwicklung von milit\\u00e4rischen Strategien \\u00fcber die Kl\\u00e4rung des Umgangs mit Gefangenen, Kranken und Toten bis hin zur Interpretation von Siegen und Niederlagen reichten. Ob sich ein Herrscher im Anschluss an der Macht halten kann, h\\u00e4ngt dar\\u00fcber hinaus wesentlich davon ab, wie die entstehenden Kriegsnarrative \\u00fcber ihn urteilen bzw. inwiefern er diese zu manipulieren versteht.  &lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;Das Projekt ist eine themenbezogene Kooperation mit einzelnen Beteiligten des GRK 2304: \\u201eByzanz und die euromediterranen Kriegskulturen. Austausch, Abgrenzung und Rezeption\\u201c und versteht sich als Form der gezielten Nachwuchsf\\u00f6rderung.&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project partners&lt;\\\/strong&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-button style=\\&quot;display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\\&quot;&gt;\\n  \\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;RTG 2304 \\\\u201cByzantium and the Euro-Mediterranean Martial Cultures\\\\u201d&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;external-link-alt-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/grk-byzanz-kriegskulturen.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;\\\/jgu-base-button&gt;\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project team members&lt;\\\/strong&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-button style=\\&quot;display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\\&quot;&gt;\\n  \\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Johannes Pahlitzsch&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10020&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Heike Grieser&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=9936&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;\\\/jgu-base-button&gt;\\n&quot;}\">\n    \n<jgu-base-heading react-props=\"{\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;Rulership&quot;,\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;tags&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;heading&quot;: &quot;Rulers and ruled in war&quot;,\n    &quot;textAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;anchor&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-heading>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Kriege, ob symmetrische oder asymmetrische, stellen nicht nur f\u00fcr vormoderne Herrscher, sondern auch f\u00fcr die Gemeinschaften eine in vielfacher Hinsicht existenzielle Herausforderung dar. Abh\u00e4ngig von deren mitunter auch widerstreitenden Interessen werden verschiedene Bew\u00e4ltigungsstrategien entwickelt, die von der theoretischen, mitunter religi\u00f6sen Legitimation des Krieges \u2013 bzw. Krieg als Bestandteil einer Legitimationsstrategie \u2013 \u00fcber die Herstellung von Waffen und Entwicklung von milit\u00e4rischen Strategien \u00fcber die Kl\u00e4rung des Umgangs mit Gefangenen, Kranken und Toten bis hin zur Interpretation von Siegen und Niederlagen reichten. Ob sich ein Herrscher im Anschluss an der Macht halten kann, h\u00e4ngt dar\u00fcber hinaus wesentlich davon ab, wie die entstehenden Kriegsnarrative \u00fcber ihn urteilen bzw. inwiefern er diese zu manipulieren versteht.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Das Projekt ist eine themenbezogene Kooperation mit einzelnen Beteiligten des GRK 2304: \u201eByzanz und die euromediterranen Kriegskulturen. Austausch, Abgrenzung und Rezeption\u201c und versteht sich als Form der gezielten Nachwuchsf\u00f6rderung.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project partners<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<jgu-base-button style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\">\n  \n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;RTG 2304 \\u201cByzantium and the Euro-Mediterranean Martial Cultures\\u201d&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;external-link-alt-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/grk-byzanz-kriegskulturen.uni-mainz.de\\\/&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-button>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<jgu-base-button style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\">\n  \n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Johannes Pahlitzsch&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10020&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Heike Grieser&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=9936&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-button>\n\n<\/jgu-base-modal><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><jgu-base-modal react-props=\"{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;About the project&quot;,&quot;buttonStyling&quot;:&quot;primary&quot;,&quot;children&quot;:&quot;\\n&lt;jgu-base-heading react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;index&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Rulership&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;color&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;tags&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;htmlTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;classTag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;tag&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;h2&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;heading&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Permanently questioned rule and its representation in the Liber historiae Francorum&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;textAlign&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;anchor&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-heading&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;Zwischen dem Tod des letzten im ganzen Frankenreich akzeptierten Merowingerk\\u00f6nigs (Dagobert I., \\u2020639) und der herrschaftlichen Festigung durch die Karolinger Karl Martell und Pippin d. J. Mitte des 8. Jh. war Herrschaft von verschiedenen Seiten her permanent unter Druck und in Frage gestellt. Weder der Untergang der Merowinger noch der Aufstieg der Karolinger waren folgerichtige oder gar zwingende Entwicklungen im realhistorischen Sinne; es war vielmehr eine sich \\u00fcber Jahrzehnte erstreckende, diskontinuierliche Verschiebung realer Macht, die nicht wenig auch vom dynastischen Zufall abhing. Das Projekt verfolgt die Frage, in welcher Weise der Liber historiae Francorum diese kontingenten Prozesse darstellt und in Sinnzusammenh\\u00e4nge einordnet, sie zu einer knappen und eing\\u00e4ngigen Geschichtsdarstellung verwebt und somit ein konkludentes Narrativ erschafft. Dieses Narrativ stellt nicht nur die konkrete Bew\\u00e4ltigung von Herausforderungen herrscherlicher Macht deutend und kommentierend dar, sondern tr\\u00e4gt \\u2013 insbesondere durch die aktualisierte Zweitfassung (ca. 790) \\u2013 selbst zur erinnernden Bew\\u00e4ltigung der politischen Ersch\\u00fctterungen des Frankenreichs bei. Durch den Vergleich von erster und zweiter Fassung fokussiert das Projekt sowohl auf die Funktion des Narrativs in Hinblick auf Wahrnehmung und Konzeptualisierung als auch auf die Bew\\u00e4ltigung von Herrschaftskrisen.     &lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n\\n&lt;p class=\\&quot;has-big-font-size\\&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Project team members&lt;\\\/strong&gt;&lt;\\\/p&gt;\\n\\n\\n&lt;jgu-base-button style=\\&quot;display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\\&quot;&gt;\\n  \\n&lt;jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\\&quot;{\\n    &amp;quot;text&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;Roland Zingg&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;icon&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;address-card-solid&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;link&amp;quot;: {\\n        &amp;quot;url&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;https:\\\\\\\/\\\\\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\\\\\/fb07-challenges\\\\\\\/?page_id=10338&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;linkTarget&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;,\\n        &amp;quot;rel&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n    },\\n    &amp;quot;align&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;left&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;styling&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;primary&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;type&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;default&amp;quot;,\\n    &amp;quot;iconBefore&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;isSmall&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;fullWidth&amp;quot;: false,\\n    &amp;quot;className&amp;quot;: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;\\n}\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/jgu-base-buttonitem&gt;\\n\\n&lt;\\\/jgu-base-button&gt;\\n&quot;}\">\n    \n<jgu-base-heading react-props=\"{\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;Rulership&quot;,\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;tags&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;heading&quot;: &quot;Permanently questioned rule and its representation in the Liber historiae Francorum&quot;,\n    &quot;textAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;anchor&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-heading>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Zwischen dem Tod des letzten im ganzen Frankenreich akzeptierten Merowingerk\u00f6nigs (Dagobert I., \u2020639) und der herrschaftlichen Festigung durch die Karolinger Karl Martell und Pippin d. J. Mitte des 8. Jh. war Herrschaft von verschiedenen Seiten her permanent unter Druck und in Frage gestellt. Weder der Untergang der Merowinger noch der Aufstieg der Karolinger waren folgerichtige oder gar zwingende Entwicklungen im realhistorischen Sinne; es war vielmehr eine sich \u00fcber Jahrzehnte erstreckende, diskontinuierliche Verschiebung realer Macht, die nicht wenig auch vom dynastischen Zufall abhing. Das Projekt verfolgt die Frage, in welcher Weise der Liber historiae Francorum diese kontingenten Prozesse darstellt und in Sinnzusammenh\u00e4nge einordnet, sie zu einer knappen und eing\u00e4ngigen Geschichtsdarstellung verwebt und somit ein konkludentes Narrativ erschafft. Dieses Narrativ stellt nicht nur die konkrete Bew\u00e4ltigung von Herausforderungen herrscherlicher Macht deutend und kommentierend dar, sondern tr\u00e4gt \u2013 insbesondere durch die aktualisierte Zweitfassung (ca. 790) \u2013 selbst zur erinnernden Bew\u00e4ltigung der politischen Ersch\u00fctterungen des Frankenreichs bei. Durch den Vergleich von erster und zweiter Fassung fokussiert das Projekt sowohl auf die Funktion des Narrativs in Hinblick auf Wahrnehmung und Konzeptualisierung als auch auf die Bew\u00e4ltigung von Herrschaftskrisen.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<jgu-base-button style=\"display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; column-gap: 30px; max-width: 100%; flex-direction: row; justify-content: left\">\n  \n<jgu-base-buttonitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Roland Zingg&quot;,\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https:\\\/\\\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\\\/fb07-challenges\\\/?page_id=10338&quot;,\n        &quot;linkTarget&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;styling&quot;: &quot;primary&quot;,\n    &quot;type&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;iconBefore&quot;: false,\n    &quot;isSmall&quot;: false,\n    &quot;fullWidth&quot;: false,\n    &quot;className&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-buttonitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-button>\n\n<\/jgu-base-modal><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:90px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div\n\tclass=\"jgu-anchorpoint\"\n\tid=\"persons\"\n\tdata-label=\"Persons\"\n\tdata-hide-in-nav=\"false\"\n\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\tdata-initial-scroll=\"true\"\n><\/div>\n<jgu-base-heading react-props=\"{\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;tags&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;heading&quot;: &quot;Members&quot;,\n    &quot;textAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;anchor&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-heading>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=10232\">Dr. Dominic B\u00e4rsch<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=9787\">Prof. Dr. Heide Frielinghaus<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=9907\">Professor Dr. Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=9936\">Professor Dr. Heike Grieser<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=10248\">Dr. Susanne Grunwald<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=10008\">Professor Dr. Ludger K\u00f6rntgen<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=10020\">Professor Dr. Johannes Pahlitzsch<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=10029\">Professor Dr. Doris Prechel<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/?page_id=10338\">Dr. Roland Zingg<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><jgu-base-image react-props=\"{\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;image&quot;: {},\n    &quot;hasLightbox&quot;: false,\n    &quot;caption&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;imgWidth&quot;: 0,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;target&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    }\n}\" class=\"align-\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-image><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div style=\"height:90px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div\n\tclass=\"jgu-anchorpoint\"\n\tid=\"contact\"\n\tdata-label=\"Contact\"\n\tdata-hide-in-nav=\"false\"\n\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\tdata-initial-scroll=\"true\"\n><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><jgu-base-image react-props=\"{\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;center&quot;,\n    &quot;image&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: null,\n        &quot;id&quot;: 9706\n    },\n    &quot;imgWidth&quot;: 331,\n    &quot;width&quot;: 331,\n    &quot;hasLightbox&quot;: false,\n    &quot;caption&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;target&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;rel&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    }\n}\" class=\"align-center\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-image>\n\n<jgu-base-image react-props=\"{\n    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Top-level Research Area \u201cChallenges\u201d is funded by the <a href=\"https:\/\/mwg.rlp.de\/themen\/wissenschaft\/forschung\/forschung-an-hochschulen\/forschungsinitiative\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Rhineland-Palatinate Research Initiative<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<jgu-base-section react-props=\"{&quot;color&quot;:&quot;dark&quot;,&quot;align&quot;:&quot;wide&quot;,&quot;padding&quot;:&quot;medium&quot;}\">\n<div class=\"jgu-bgsection bg bg-dark \"><div class=\"content padding-medium\"><jgu-base-heading react-props=\"{\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;,\n    &quot;tags&quot;: {\n        &quot;htmlTag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;,\n        &quot;classTag&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n        &quot;tag&quot;: &quot;h2&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;heading&quot;: &quot;Contact&quot;,\n    &quot;textAlign&quot;: &quot;left&quot;,\n    &quot;anchor&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;index&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\"><\/jgu-base-heading>\n\n\n\n<div 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&quot;&quot;\n}\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-listitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-contactcard><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\"><jgu-base-contactcard react-props=\"{\n    &quot;name&quot;: &quot;Alexandra Hilgner M.A.&quot;,\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;actions&quot;: [],\n    &quot;color&quot;: &quot;default&quot;\n}\">\n    \n<jgu-base-listitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;address-card-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Coordination&quot;,\n    &quot;uuid&quot;: &quot;1772791951675&quot;,\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;showInActions&quot;: false,\n    &quot;allowNesting&quot;: true,\n    &quot;showExpandableContent&quot;: false,\n    &quot;expandableContent&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    }\n}\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-listitem>\n\n<jgu-base-listitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;university-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Top-level Research Area 40,000 Years of Human Challenges: Perception, Conceptualization and Coping in Premodern Societies&quot;,\n    &quot;uuid&quot;: &quot;1772791961434&quot;,\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;showInActions&quot;: false,\n    &quot;allowNesting&quot;: true,\n    &quot;showExpandableContent&quot;: false,\n    &quot;expandableContent&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    }\n}\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-listitem>\n\n<jgu-base-listitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;map-marker-alt-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz &lt;br&gt;Hegelstr. 59 55122 Mainz&quot;,\n    &quot;uuid&quot;: &quot;1772791974201&quot;,\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;showInActions&quot;: false,\n    &quot;allowNesting&quot;: true,\n    &quot;showExpandableContent&quot;: false,\n    &quot;expandableContent&quot;: &quot;&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n    }\n}\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-listitem>\n\n<jgu-base-listitem react-props=\"{\n    &quot;icon&quot;: &quot;envelope-solid&quot;,\n    &quot;title&quot;: &quot;&lt;a href=\\&quot;mailto:challenges@uni-mainz.de\\&quot;&gt;challenges@uni-mainz.de&lt;\\\/a&gt;&quot;,\n    &quot;uuid&quot;: &quot;1772791985605&quot;,\n    &quot;link&quot;: {\n        &quot;url&quot;: &quot;mailto:challenges@uni-mainz.de&quot;\n    },\n    &quot;align&quot;: &quot;wide&quot;,\n    &quot;showInActions&quot;: false,\n    &quot;allowNesting&quot;: true,\n    &quot;showExpandableContent&quot;: false,\n    &quot;expandableContent&quot;: &quot;&quot;\n}\">\n    \n<\/jgu-base-listitem>\n\n<\/jgu-base-contactcard><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-social-links alignright is-content-justification-right is-layout-flex wp-container-core-social-links-is-layout-765c4724 wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"wp-social-link wp-social-link-mail  wp-block-social-link\"><a href=\"mailto:c&#104;a&#108;le&#110;ges&#064;&#117;&#110;&#105;&#045;&#109;&#097;&#105;&#110;&#122;.&#100;e\" class=\"wp-block-social-link-anchor\"><svg width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><path d=\"M19,5H5c-1.1,0-2,.9-2,2v10c0,1.1.9,2,2,2h14c1.1,0,2-.9,2-2V7c0-1.1-.9-2-2-2zm.5,12c0,.3-.2.5-.5.5H5c-.3,0-.5-.2-.5-.5V9.8l7.5,5.6,7.5-5.6V17zm0-9.1L12,13.6,4.5,7.9V7c0-.3.2-.5.5-.5h14c.3,0,.5.2.5.5v.9z\"><\/path><\/svg><span class=\"wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text\">Mail<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/jgu-base-section>    <div style=\"display: none\">\n        \n    <\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The topic of \u2018rulership\u2019 is closely related to the central questions of our TLRA. On the one hand, the act of ruling faces the constant challenge of legitimizing itself and of developing as well as communicating programmatic content for this purpose. On the other hand, it is confronted with the practical-strategic task of attaining, securing &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/challenges.uni-mainz.de\/en\/rulership\/\">Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":960,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16987","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"content_raw":"<!-- wp:jgu\/pageheader {\"items\":[{\"box\":{\"index\":\"Thematic Area 4\",\"title\":\"Rulership\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"\",\"title\":\"learn more\"}},\"color\":\"blue\",\"image\":{\"url\":null,\"id\":10371},\"imgCredit\":\"\",\"useVideo\":false,\"video\":false}],\"type\":\"home\"} \/--><!-- wp:jgu\/anchornavigation \/--><!-- wp:jgu\/anchorpoint {\"title\":\"Rulership\",\"slug\":\"rulership\",\"customSlug\":true} \/--><!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">The topic of \u2018rulership\u2019 is closely related to the central questions of our TLRA. On the one hand, the act of ruling faces the constant challenge of legitimizing itself and of developing as well as communicating programmatic content for this purpose. On the other hand, it is confronted with the practical-strategic task of attaining, securing and exercising its power against diverse challenges. Certain forms of rule have proven to be very resilient over a long time. At the same time, however, the establishment and safeguarding of rule by setting up a ruling apparatus or introducing bureaucratic standards or legal instruments of a regime can also be a reaction to various threats, such as that of a contested or rule-free space, i.e., it can function as a coping strategy.<br \/>The projects take both challenges faced by an individual and by communities and the specific relationship between individual and collective threats into account. The reaction to a perceived threat can lead to contingent or intentional changes of events, and non-linear dynamics.   <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">The projects in <em>TA 4<\/em> are oriented towards material and literary studies and examine the topic at turning points that were critical for the exercise and maintenance of rulership. Specifically, they focus on the oriental-occidental cultural area in the time span from prehistory and early history to the European Middle Ages. This diachronic and cross-cultural compilation of areas seems suitable for uncovering patterns of perception, conceptualization and coping strategies as well as for describing and analyzing them in a transdisciplinary discourse.<br \/>In the first funding phase conferences, publication projects and third-party funding applications were successfully realized (e.g., DFG network group \u201cKraftprobe Herrschaft. (Re-)Konstruktionen von vormodernen Herrscherfiguren zwischen Herausforderung und Behauptung\u201d) or are in progress (e.g., DFG Zingg: \u201cLiber historiae Francorum\u201d). The next step is to further expand existing funding (e.g., an application for a DFG research group \u201cDie Figur des vormodernen Herrschers zwischen Herausforderung und Behauptung\u201d) as well as to deepen the transdisciplinary exchange with locally based research projects (e.g., RTG 2304 \u201cByzantium and the Euro-Mediterranean Martial Cultures\u201d, Grieser\/Pahlitzsch) and to bring together the results of the joint work in a suitable form.   <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Spokesperson: Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9907\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/button --><!-- wp:spacer -->\n<div style=\"height:90px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:spacer --><!-- wp:jgu\/anchorpoint {\"title\":\"Research projects\",\"slug\":\"research-projects\",\"customSlug\":true} \/--><!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"index\":\"Research projects\",\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"Ongoing projects\"} \/--><!-- wp:columns {\"className\":\"\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\"><!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/teaserbox {\"headline\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"h5\",\"tag\":\"h2.h5\"},\"title\":\"The (re-)construction of pre-modern ruler figures between challenge and assertation\",\"excerpt\":\"Prof. Dr. Heide Frielinghaus, Prof. Dr. Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz, Prof. Dr. Heike Grieser, Prof. Dr. Ludger K\u00f6rntgen, Prof. Dr. Johannes Pahlitzsch, Prof. Dr. Doris Prechel, Dr. Dominic B\u00e4rsch\",\"linkTitle\":\"learn more\"} \/--><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/teaserbox {\"headline\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"h5\",\"tag\":\"h2.h5\"},\"title\":\"Women around rulers\",\"excerpt\":\"Prof. Dr. Heide Frielinghaus, Prof. Dr. Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz, Prof. Dr. Heike Grieser, Prof. Dr. Ludger K\u00f6rntgen, Prof. Dr. Johannes Pahlitzsch, Prof. Dr. Doris Prechel\",\"linkTitle\":\"learn more\"} \/--><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/teaserbox {\"headline\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"h5\",\"tag\":\"h2.h5\"},\"title\":\"Rulers and ruled in war\",\"excerpt\":\"Prof. Dr. Heike Grieser, Prof. Dr. Johannes Pahlitzsch\",\"linkTitle\":\"learn more\"} \/--><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/teaserbox {\"headline\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"h5\",\"tag\":\"h2.h5\"},\"title\":\"Permanently questioned rule and its representation in the Liber historiae Francorum\",\"excerpt\":\"Dr. Roland Zingg\",\"linkTitle\":\"learn more\"} \/--><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:columns --><!-- wp:columns {\"className\":\"\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\"><!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/modal {\"text\":\"About the project\"} -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"index\":\"Rulership\",\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"The (re-)construction of pre-modern ruler figures between challenge and assertation\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">In der Person eines politischen Oberhauptes kumulieren Bew\u00e4ltigungskonzepte verschiedener Herausforderungen, die situativ unterschiedlich wahrgenommen werden. Schriftliche und bildliche Quellen (zeitgen\u00f6ssisch, historisch, rezent wissenschaftlich) erm\u00f6glichen es, die Figur eines Herrschers zu (re-)konstruieren, die je nach Bedarf unterschiedliche Zuschreibungen erf\u00e4hrt bzw. Rollen ausf\u00fcllt. So amalgieren z. B. durch Projektionen und Erwartungen einerseits typische, andererseits individuelle Z\u00fcge zu einer konstruierten oder abstrahierten Figur. Diese kann ambivalent konnotiert sein und als medial vermitteltes Herrscherbild selbst zur Herausforderung werden.   <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">In dem Projekt wird es zun\u00e4chst darum gehen, im interdisziplin\u00e4ren Vergleich mehrere Typen von Herrscherfiguren zu beschreiben sowie in transkultureller Perspektive nach m\u00f6glichen epochen- bzw. kulturspezifischen Varianten zu fragen. In einem zweiten Schritt ist auf Bedingungen und Kontexte der Konstruktion bestimmter Herrscherfiguren zu reflektieren. Hierbei ist zu fragen, welche Figuren eingesetzt werden, um (a) das Entstehen\/Bestehen einer Herausforderung retrospektiv zu erkl\u00e4ren; (b) jeweils situationsbezogen oder auch situations\u00fcbergreifend eine prospektive Handlungsempfehlung zu generieren. Auf diese Weise soll kultur- und epochen\u00fcbergreifend das Potential genauer bestimmt werden, welches die Konstruktion von bestimmten Herrscher-Bildern jeweils im Rahmen von Wahrnehmung, Konzeptualisierung und Bew\u00e4ltigung von Herausforderungen bot.     <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Konkret sollen in diesem Zusammenhang die Figuren<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:list -->\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>des alten Herrschers<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>des kranken, verletzten und sterbenden Herrschers<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>des fremden Herrschers<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>des gut bzw. schlecht beratenen Herrschers<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>des langj\u00e4hrigen Herrschers<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item -->\n\n<!-- wp:list-item -->\n<li>des reformierenden Herrschers<\/li>\n<!-- \/wp:list-item --><\/ul>\n<!-- \/wp:list -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">analysiert werden. Die hier definierten \u201aTypen\u2018 beziehen sich auf die physische Verfassung des Herrschers (1, 2) und erforschen die Argumentationsstruktur der Herrscherdarstellung sowie die gesellschaftliche Reaktion. Ethnische oder religi\u00f6se Hintergr\u00fcnde eines Herrschers (3, 4) generieren Diskurse, die als Bew\u00e4ltigungsstrategien zu beschreiben sind. Schlie\u00dflich k\u00f6nnen intensive Kontinuit\u00e4t (5) und Diskontinuit\u00e4t (6) von Herrschaft, die mit einem einzelnen Herrscher in Verbindung stehen, besondere gesellschaftliche Reaktionen hervorrufen. Die auf diese Weise entstehenden Querschnittsbereiche beinhalten einerseits Herausforderungen wie k\u00f6rperliche Konstitution oder soziale Gegebenheiten, andererseits aber auch L\u00f6sungsstrategien wie den Rekurs auf Berater oder Kontakte nach au\u00dfen.     <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Heide Frielinghaus\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9787\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9907\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Heike Grieser\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9936\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Ludger K\u00f6rntgen\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10008\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Johannes Pahlitzsch\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10020\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Doris Prechel\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10029\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Dominic B\u00e4rsch\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10232\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/modal --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/modal {\"text\":\"About the project\"} -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"index\":\"Rulership\",\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"Women around rulers\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Betrachtet werden sowohl Frauen, die quasi als Ko-Regentinnen bzw. Herrscherinnen an der Seite des Herrschers erscheinen, als auch Frauen im n\u00e4heren Umfeld eines m\u00e4nnlichen Herrschers (Ehefrauen, M\u00fctter, Schwestern, Konkubinen etc.). Zu fragen ist, in welchen Konstellationen Frauen in Machtzentren besonders pr\u00e4sent sind und welche Funktion diese weiblichen Figuren f\u00fcr die Konzeptualisierung von Herrschaft sowie die Kategorisierung des jeweiligen Herrschers erf\u00fcllen. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Frage, welche Rolle Frauen bei der Bew\u00e4ltigung der Herausforderungen spielen, mit denen der Herrscher jeweils konfrontiert ist (aktiv, Eigendarstellung, Fremddarstellung). Im weiteren Fokus steht dar\u00fcber hinaus die (variierende oder gleichbleibende) Beurteilung dieses weiblichen Engagements von den zeitgen\u00f6ssischen Quellen bis hin zur modernen Forschungsliteratur.   <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Heide Frielinghaus\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9787\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9907\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Heike Grieser\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9936\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Ludger K\u00f6rntgen\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10008\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Johannes Pahlitzsch\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10020\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Doris Prechel\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10029\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/modal --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/modal {\"text\":\"About the project\"} -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"index\":\"Rulership\",\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"Rulers and ruled in war\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Kriege, ob symmetrische oder asymmetrische, stellen nicht nur f\u00fcr vormoderne Herrscher, sondern auch f\u00fcr die Gemeinschaften eine in vielfacher Hinsicht existenzielle Herausforderung dar. Abh\u00e4ngig von deren mitunter auch widerstreitenden Interessen werden verschiedene Bew\u00e4ltigungsstrategien entwickelt, die von der theoretischen, mitunter religi\u00f6sen Legitimation des Krieges \u2013 bzw. Krieg als Bestandteil einer Legitimationsstrategie \u2013 \u00fcber die Herstellung von Waffen und Entwicklung von milit\u00e4rischen Strategien \u00fcber die Kl\u00e4rung des Umgangs mit Gefangenen, Kranken und Toten bis hin zur Interpretation von Siegen und Niederlagen reichten. Ob sich ein Herrscher im Anschluss an der Macht halten kann, h\u00e4ngt dar\u00fcber hinaus wesentlich davon ab, wie die entstehenden Kriegsnarrative \u00fcber ihn urteilen bzw. inwiefern er diese zu manipulieren versteht.  <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Das Projekt ist eine themenbezogene Kooperation mit einzelnen Beteiligten des GRK 2304: \u201eByzanz und die euromediterranen Kriegskulturen. Austausch, Abgrenzung und Rezeption\u201c und versteht sich als Form der gezielten Nachwuchsf\u00f6rderung.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project partners<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"RTG 2304 \u201cByzantium and the Euro-Mediterranean Martial Cultures\u201d\",\"icon\":\"external-link-alt-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/grk-byzanz-kriegskulturen.uni-mainz.de\/\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/button -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Johannes Pahlitzsch\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10020\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Heike Grieser\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9936\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/modal --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/modal {\"text\":\"About the project\"} -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"index\":\"Rulership\",\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"Permanently questioned rule and its representation in the Liber historiae Francorum\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">Zwischen dem Tod des letzten im ganzen Frankenreich akzeptierten Merowingerk\u00f6nigs (Dagobert I., \u2020639) und der herrschaftlichen Festigung durch die Karolinger Karl Martell und Pippin d. J. Mitte des 8. Jh. war Herrschaft von verschiedenen Seiten her permanent unter Druck und in Frage gestellt. Weder der Untergang der Merowinger noch der Aufstieg der Karolinger waren folgerichtige oder gar zwingende Entwicklungen im realhistorischen Sinne; es war vielmehr eine sich \u00fcber Jahrzehnte erstreckende, diskontinuierliche Verschiebung realer Macht, die nicht wenig auch vom dynastischen Zufall abhing. Das Projekt verfolgt die Frage, in welcher Weise der Liber historiae Francorum diese kontingenten Prozesse darstellt und in Sinnzusammenh\u00e4nge einordnet, sie zu einer knappen und eing\u00e4ngigen Geschichtsdarstellung verwebt und somit ein konkludentes Narrativ erschafft. Dieses Narrativ stellt nicht nur die konkrete Bew\u00e4ltigung von Herausforderungen herrscherlicher Macht deutend und kommentierend dar, sondern tr\u00e4gt \u2013 insbesondere durch die aktualisierte Zweitfassung (ca. 790) \u2013 selbst zur erinnernden Bew\u00e4ltigung der politischen Ersch\u00fctterungen des Frankenreichs bei. Durch den Vergleich von erster und zweiter Fassung fokussiert das Projekt sowohl auf die Funktion des Narrativs in Hinblick auf Wahrnehmung und Konzeptualisierung als auch auf die Bew\u00e4ltigung von Herrschaftskrisen.     <\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\"><strong>Project team members<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/button-item {\"text\":\"Roland Zingg\",\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10338\",\"linkTarget\":\"\",\"rel\":\"\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/button -->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/modal --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:columns --><!-- wp:spacer -->\n<div style=\"height:90px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:spacer --><!-- wp:jgu\/anchorpoint {\"title\":\"Persons\",\"slug\":\"persons\",\"customSlug\":true} \/--><!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"Members\"} \/--><!-- wp:columns {\"className\":\"\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\"><!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:table {\"hasFixedLayout\":false,\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10232\">Dr. Dominic B\u00e4rsch<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9787\">Prof. Dr. Heide Frielinghaus<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9907\">Professor Dr. Sebastian Gr\u00e4tz<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=9936\">Professor Dr. Heike Grieser<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10248\">Dr. Susanne Grunwald<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10008\">Professor Dr. Ludger K\u00f6rntgen<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10020\">Professor Dr. Johannes Pahlitzsch<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10029\">Professor Dr. Doris Prechel<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/cms.zdv.uni-mainz.de\/fb07-challenges\/?page_id=10338\">Dr. Roland Zingg<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<!-- \/wp:table --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/image \/--><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:columns --><!-- wp:spacer -->\n<div style=\"height:90px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:spacer --><!-- wp:jgu\/anchorpoint {\"title\":\"Contact\",\"slug\":\"contact\",\"customSlug\":true} \/--><!-- wp:columns {\"className\":\"\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\"><!-- wp:column {\"width\":\"33.33%\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><!-- wp:jgu\/image {\"align\":\"center\",\"image\":{\"url\":null,\"id\":9706},\"imgWidth\":331,\"width\":331} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/image {\"image\":{\"url\":null,\"id\":10344}} \/--><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column {\"width\":\"66.66%\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><!-- wp:paragraph {\"translatedWithWPMLTM\":\"1\"} -->\n<p class=\"has-big-font-size\">The Top-level Research Area \u201cChallenges\u201d is funded by the <a href=\"https:\/\/mwg.rlp.de\/themen\/wissenschaft\/forschung\/forschung-an-hochschulen\/forschungsinitiative\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Rhineland-Palatinate Research Initiative<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:columns --><!-- wp:jgu\/section {\"color\":\"dark\"} -->\n<div class=\"jgu-bgsection bg bg-dark \"><div class=\"content padding-medium\"><!-- wp:jgu\/heading {\"color\":\"default\",\"tags\":{\"htmlTag\":\"h2\",\"classTag\":\"\",\"tag\":\"h2\"},\"heading\":\"Contact\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:columns {\"className\":\"\"} -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\"><!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/contact-card {\"name\":\"Professor Dr. Heide Frielinghaus\"} -->\n<!-- wp:jgu\/list-item {\"icon\":\"address-card-solid\",\"title\":\"Spokesperson\",\"uuid\":\"1747993670105\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/list-item {\"icon\":\"university-solid\",\"title\":\"Top-level Research Area 40,000 Years of Human Challenges: Perception, Conceptualization and Coping in Premodern Societies\",\"uuid\":\"1747993823541\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/list-item {\"icon\":\"map-marker-alt-solid\",\"title\":\"Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz \\u003cbr\\u003eFB07 \/ IAW \/ Classical Archaeology \\u003cbr\\u003eRoom 03-617, Philosophicum I, Jakob-Welder-Weg 18, 55128 Mainz\",\"uuid\":\"1747993842938\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/list-item {\"icon\":\"phone-solid\",\"title\":\"+49 6131 39-22174\",\"uuid\":\"1747993854151\"} \/-->\n\n<!-- wp:jgu\/list-item {\"icon\":\"envelope-solid\",\"title\":\"\\u003ca href=\\u0022mailto:frieling@uni-mainz.de\\u0022\\u003efrieling@uni-mainz.de\\u003c\/a\\u003e\",\"uuid\":\"1747993863981\",\"link\":{\"url\":\"mailto:frieling@uni-mainz.de\"}} \/-->\n<!-- \/wp:jgu\/contact-card --><\/div>\n<!-- \/wp:column -->\n\n<!-- wp:column -->\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\"><!-- wp:jgu\/contact-card {\"name\":\"Professor Dr. Alexandra W. 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